navigational+tools+-+helterbran


===Chip Board- This board has a small spool with tons of rope attached to it. The sailers would throw the knotted rope out into the sea .They counted the knots to figure out how fast the ship is going. ===


===Compass- This was a very helpful tool to all explorers. It pointed to which direction they were going. North,South,East, and West. This way they can estimate their location. ===


===Cross Staff- This tool was used to measure the distance between the horizon and the North Star. The higher the North star is the farther they were South. ===


===Hour Glass- This was used to measure time. When you flip it up side down the small grains start to fall. This will happen until all of the grains are at the bottom of the glass. This will take about three minutes. ===


===Quadrant- This helpful instrument is held up between the horizon and the sun. This helps find latitude and the height of different objects. ===


**Maps- Maps were also very helpful items. They gave a birds eye view of the land that had been discovered. This helped them navigate or estimate where the land might be.

Sextant- This tool has the same use as the quadrant and the astrolabe. It was used as a replacement for these other helpful items.

All of these tools helped the explorers find land and explorer unknown places. Other tools were used ,but these seemed to be the most popular. Just remember how much technological navigation tools we use instead of the old handmade devices.**